Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of collagen?

Vitamin C plays a crucial role in the synthesis of collagen, a protein that is fundamental for the structure and strength of connective tissues in the body, including skin, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. Collagen synthesis involves a complex process where vitamin C acts as a cofactor for the enzymes that hydroxylate proline and lysine residues in collagen molecules, which is essential for the proper formation and stability of the collagen triple helix structure. Without sufficient vitamin C, collagen production is impaired, leading to weakened connective tissues and potentially contributing to conditions such as scurvy, which is characterized by symptoms like skin lesions, joint pain, and gum disease. This underscores the importance of vitamin C in maintaining the integrity and functionality of collagen in the body.