Which substance is commonly measured to evaluate kidney function?

Albumin is commonly measured to evaluate kidney function because it is a protein that can indicate how well the kidneys are filtering blood. In healthy kidneys, albumin should remain in the bloodstream; however, when the kidneys are damaged or diseased, they can allow albumin to leak into the urine. This is often assessed through a urine test that measures the amount of albumin present, and elevated levels can be a sign of kidney dysfunction or disease.

Hemoglobin is primarily measured to assess oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood, not kidney function. Cholesterol levels can indicate cardiovascular health but do not provide direct information about kidney performance. Glucose levels are used to evaluate blood sugar control and can indicate diabetes but do not directly assess renal function.