What is the scientific term for a change of state from a liquid to a gas?

The process of changing from a liquid to a gas is known as evaporation. This occurs when molecules in a liquid gain enough energy to overcome the forces holding them together and transition into the gaseous state. Evaporation typically happens at the surface of a liquid and can occur at any temperature, as long as the liquid is not at its boiling point. This is different from boiling, which is a more vigorous process that happens throughout the liquid when it reaches a specific temperature.

In contrast, condensation refers to the change of state from gas to liquid, while melting describes the transition from solid to liquid, and freezing is the process of transitioning from liquid to solid. Understanding these terms helps in comprehending the various processes and changes matter undergoes under different conditions.