The nephridium in worms performs a function similar to which organ in humans?

The nephridium in worms is an excretory organ that plays a crucial role in the removal of waste products from the organism’s body. It functions analogously to the kidneys in humans, which also serve as the principal organs for excretion and regulation of homeostasis. Both the nephridia and kidneys filter waste from the blood or internal fluids and excrete it in a liquid form.

While the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes have important roles in metabolism, immune function, and filtration of various substances in the body, none of them directly engage in the process of excretion in the way that both the nephridium and kidneys do. The kidneys specifically manage the removal of nitrogenous wastes, excess salts, and water, maintaining the balance of electrolytes and overall body fluid levels, similar to how nephridia regulate waste products in worms. Thus, the nephridium shares its primary function with the kidneys in humans, making this connection significant in understanding excretory systems across different species.